Leadership in International Affairs
- LAST REVIEWED: 02 March 2011
- LAST MODIFIED: 02 March 2011
- DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199743292-0059
- LAST REVIEWED: 02 March 2011
- LAST MODIFIED: 02 March 2011
- DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199743292-0059
Introduction
The literature on leadership in international affairs is interdisciplinary and, of course, extensive. For the purpose of this bibliography, leadership is considered as the art of influencing people, organizations, and institutions to accomplish specific purposes, such as missions that serve public and national interests. There are three starting assumptions for developing this bibliography. One assumption is that a bibliography of leadership in international affairs involves writings that assist leaders and managers for public service in government and nonprofit organizations that have significant responsibilities in the international and national-security policy (foreign, defense, and homeland), intelligence, and international-economics policy arenas. A public service orientation is centered primarily, but not exclusively, within the context of the institutions, organizations, and people engaged in governance—in international and public affairs. In brief, the bibliography is centered on writing that assists in addressing real-world leadership challenges and problems for both academics and practitioners. A second assumption is that this kind of bibliography should cover the study of both the leading theories and practices of public executives. Leadership knowledge and skill development include being grounded in a variety of theoretical perspectives on leadership and management by examining the scholarly literature and relevant research and case studies, as well as studying personal, interpersonal, and group skills. A third assumption is that the study of leadership should include the notion of leading change or change management. There are broader themes here regarding the changing international environment, the demands for institutional and organizational innovation and reform to adapt to those changes, and the impact of these demands on politicians and public managers, as ethical leaders, at all levels (participative, organizational, and institutional) and frequently working across multiple sectors (public, private, and nonprofit). The ideas of leadership and innovation and public-sector institutional and organizational reform, all in the context of a turbulent strategic environment, are worthy of attention. The distinctive approach for this bibliography includes meeting several objectives for the study of leadership in international affairs by examining the contrasting theories and conceptual frameworks from the interdisciplinary literature on leading and managing people, organizations, and institutions; the roles and functions of leaders and managers as executives in public institutions and organizations that engage in multisectoral activities such as public-private-nonprofit partnerships; the research on the theories and practices of critical personal, interpersonal, and group skills for developing effective and ethical public-sector officials in international affairs; and three current themes on leadership and management in international affairs: (1) the state, governance, and world order; (2) public service and the roles of public executives; and (3) personal, organizational, and institutional leadership, innovation, and change.
General Overviews
The interdisciplinary literature on leadership includes books targeted for academic fields, such as political science, psychology, and management, as well as for specific sectors, namely, public, private, and nonprofit organizations. These variations account for the multiple definitions of leadership and the growing number of leadership concepts and approaches to leader development. Below are books that are important for understanding major approaches to leadership in international affairs from the perspectives of the main academic disciplines. Allison and Zelikow 1999, Kissinger 1994, Kellerman 2008, and Nye 2008 provide insights from political science, history, and international relations. Goleman, et al. 2002 is a book on emotional intelligence that highlights psychology. Kotter 1999 and Kouzes and Posner 2007 reflect research stemming primarily, but not exclusively, from business-management schools. Northouse 2010 provides summary chapters in a textbook fashion that address mainstream leadership theories from the field of leadership studies.
Allison, Graham, and Philip Zelikow. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. 2d ed. New York: Longman, 1999.
Essential framework for thinking about leadership in policy and decision making. Models for analysis include the rational actor, organizational behavior, and governmental politics. The chapters on each model include a thorough review from the relevant interdisciplinary literature. Includes an important update of the authors’ Cuban Missile Crisis case study.
Goleman, Daniel, Richard Boyatzis, and Annie McKee. Primal Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intelligence. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2002.
Introduces research from neuroscience and the concept of emotional intelligence. Includes chapters on resonant and dissonant leadership styles, personal leader development, and team and organizational development.
Kellerman, Barbara. Followership: How Followers Are Creating Change and Changing Leaders. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2008.
Kellerman directly addresses the lack of research and thinking in the field about the role of followers. Provides a typology along with examples of followers based upon their level of engagement: isolated, bystander, participant, activist, and diehard.
Kissinger, Henry. Diplomacy. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.
Chapters focus on historical cases from US and European history. Kissinger centers the book on the concepts of realism and idealism. He provides insights on statecraft, involving chief executives as statesmen, diplomats, and policymakers. The book includes insights from his experience as secretary of state and national security adviser.
Kotter, John P. John P. Kotter on What Leaders Really Do. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1999.
Remains an essential book, from the business-school perspective, on change management. Continues the threads in his previous work on leading change and the extraordinary difficulties and high failure rates of efforts at transformational change. Distinguishes different roles for leaders and managers.
Kouzes, James M., and Barry Z. Posner. The Leadership Challenge. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2007.
Popular best seller from among the many books that stress best practices. Presents five practices, encouraging “exemplary” leaders to model the way, inspire shared vision, challenge processes, enable, and motivate others.
Northouse, Peter G. Leadership: Theory and Practice. 5th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2010.
Textbook that concisely reviews leadership concepts and theories. Chapters address trait, skill, style, and psychodynamic approaches; contingency, path-goal, and leader-member exchange theory; and transformational, team, and ethical leadership. Additional chapters cover recent literature on “Women and Leadership” and “Culture and Leadership.” Each chapter includes a summary of strengths, criticisms, applications, case studies, and references.
Nye, Joseph S., Jr., The Powers to Lead. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Short, analytical primer from a Harvard professor, former dean, and high-level public official. Includes research on the gaps in the current leadership literature, especially the lack of research on leadership in public and international affairs identified in public leadership surveys. His focus is on smart power, and he identifies styles and skills for leaders in modern democratic societies. Also discusses contextual and emotional intelligence and ethical leadership.
Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content on this page. Please subscribe or login.
How to Subscribe
Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions. For more information or to contact an Oxford Sales Representative click here.
Article
- Academic Theories of International Relations Since 1945
- Africa, The Islamic State (ISIS/ISIL) in
- Alliances
- Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
- Al-Shabaab
- Arab-Israeli Wars
- Arab-Israeli Wars, 1967-1973, The
- Armed Conflicts/Violence against Civilians Data Sets
- Arms Control
- Arms Races
- Arms Trade
- Asylum Policies
- Audience Costs and the Credibility of Commitments
- Authoritarian Regimes
- Balance of Power Theory
- Bargaining Theory of War
- Battle
- Boko Haram
- Brazilian Foreign Policy, The Politics of
- Canadian Foreign Policy
- Case Study Methods in International Relations
- Casualties and Politics
- Causation in International Relations
- Central Europe
- Challenge of Communism, The
- China and Japan
- China's Defense Policy
- China’s Foreign Policy
- Chinese Approaches to Strategy
- Cities and International Relations
- Civil Resistance
- Civil Society in the European Union
- Cold War, The
- Colonialism
- Comparative Foreign Policy Security Interests
- Comparative Regionalism
- Complex Systems Approaches to Global Politics
- Conflict Behavior and the Prevention of War
- Conflict Management
- Conflict Management in the Middle East
- Constructivism
- Contemporary Shia–Sunni Sectarian Violence
- Corruption
- Counterinsurgency
- Countermeasures in International Law
- Coups and Mutinies
- Criminal Law, International
- Crisis Bargaining
- Critical Theory of International Relations
- Cuban Missile Crisis, The
- Cultural Diplomacy
- Cyber Security
- Cyber Warfare
- Decision-Making, Poliheuristic Theory of
- Demobilization, Post World War I
- Democracies and World Order
- Democracy and Conflict
- Democracy in World Politics
- Deterrence Theory
- Development
- Diasporas
- Digital Diplomacy
- Diplomacy
- Diplomacy, Gender and
- Diplomacy, History of
- Diplomacy in the ASEAN
- Diplomacy, Public
- Disaster Diplomacy
- Diversionary Theory of War
- Drone Warfare
- Eastern Front (World War I)
- Economic Coercion and Sanctions
- Economics, International
- Embedded Liberalism
- Emerging Powers and BRICS
- Emotions
- Empirical Testing of Formal Models
- Energy and International Security
- Environmental Peacebuilding
- Epidemic Diseases and their Effects on History
- Ethics and Morality in International Relations
- Ethnicity in International Relations
- European Migration Policy
- European Security and Defense Policy, The
- European Union as an International Actor
- European Union, International Relations of the
- Experiments
- Face-to-Face Diplomacy
- Fascism, The Challenge of
- Feminist Methodologies in International Relations
- Feminist Security Studies
- Fintech
- Food Security
- Forecasting in International Relations
- Foreign Aid and Assistance
- Foreign Direct Investment
- Foreign Policy Decision-Making
- Foreign Policy of Non-democratic Regimes
- Foreign Policy of Saudi Arabia
- Foreign Policy, Theories of
- French Empire, 20th-Century
- From Club to Network Diplomacy
- Future of NATO
- Game Theory and Interstate Conflict
- Gender and Terrorism
- Gendering Disasters
- Gendering Forced Migration
- Genocide
- Genocide, Politicide, and Mass Atrocities Against Civilian...
- Genocides, 20th Century
- Geopolitics and Geostrategy
- Germany in World War II
- Global Citizenship
- Global Civil Society
- Global Constitutionalism
- Global Environmental Politics
- Global Ethic of Care
- Global Governance
- Global Justice, Western Perspectives
- Globalization
- Governance of the Arctic
- Grand Strategy
- Greater Middle East, The
- Greek Crisis
- Hague Conferences (1899, 1907)
- Hegemony
- Hezbollah
- Hierarchies in International Relations
- History and International Relations
- History of Brazilian Foreign Policy (1808 to 1945)
- Human Nature in International Relations
- Human Rights
- Human Rights and Humanitarian Diplomacy
- Human Rights, Feminism and
- Human Rights Law
- Human Security
- Hybrid Warfare
- Ideal Diplomat, The
- Idealism
- Identity and Foreign Policy
- Ideology, Values, and Foreign Policy
- Illicit Trade and Smuggling
- Imperialism
- Indian Foreign Policy
- Indian Perspectives on International Relations, War, and C...
- Indigenous Rights
- Industrialization
- Intelligence
- Intelligence Oversight
- Internal Displacement
- International Conflict Settlements, The Durability of
- International Criminal Court, The
- International Economic Organizations (IMF and World Bank)
- International Health Governance
- International Justice, Theories of
- International Law
- International Law, Feminist Perspectives on
- International Monetary Relations, History of
- International Negotiation and Conflict Resolution
- International Nongovernmental Organizations
- International Norms for Cultural Preservation and Cooperat...
- International Organizations
- International Relations, Aesthetic Turn in
- International Relations as a Social Science
- International Relations, Practice Turn in
- International Relations, Research Ethics in
- International Relations Theory
- International Security
- International Society
- International Society, Theorizing
- International Support For Nonstate Armed Groups
- Internet Law
- Interstate Cooperation Theory and International Institutio...
- Intervention and Use of Force
- Interviews and Focus Groups
- Iran, Politics and Foreign Policy
- Iraq: Past and Present
- Japanese Foreign Policy
- Jihadism
- Just War Theory
- Korean War
- Kurdistan and Kurdish Politics
- Law of the Sea
- Laws of War
- Leadership in International Affairs
- Leadership Personality Characteristics and Foreign Policy
- League of Nations
- Lean Forward and Pull Back Options for US Grand Strategy
- Liberalism
- Marxism
- Mediation and Civil Wars
- Mediation in International Conflicts
- Mediation via International Organizations
- Memory and World Politics
- Mercantilism
- Middle East, The Contemporary
- Middle East, The Contemporary
- Middle Powers and Regional Powers
- Military Science
- Minorities in the Middle East
- Minority Rights
- Morality in Foreign Policy
- Multilateralism (1992–), Return to
- National Liberation, International Law and Wars of
- National Security Act of 1947, The
- Nation-Building
- Nations and Nationalism
- NATO
- NATO, Europe, and Russia: Security Issues and the Border R...
- Natural Resources, Energy Politics, and Environmental Cons...
- Neorealism
- New Multilateralism in the Early 21st Century
- Nigeria
- Nonproliferation and Counterproliferation
- Nonviolent Resistance Datasets
- Normative Aspects of International Peacekeeping
- Normative Power Beyond the Eurocentric Frame
- Nuclear Proliferation
- Peace Education in Post-Conflict Zones
- Peace of Utrecht
- Peacebuilding, Post-Conflict
- Peacekeeping
- Piracy
- Political Demography
- Political Economy of National Security
- Political Extremism in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Political Learning and Socialization
- Political Psychology
- Politics and Islam in Turkey
- Politics and Nationalism in Cyprus
- Politics of Extraction: Theories and New Concepts for Crit...
- Politics of Resilience
- Popuism and Global Politics
- Popular Culture and International Relations
- Post-Civil War State
- Post-Conflict and Transitional Justice
- Post-Conflict Reconciliation in the Middle East and North ...
- Power Transition Theory
- Preventive War and Preemption
- Prisoners, Treatment of
- Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs)
- Process Tracing Methods
- Pro-Government Militias
- Proliferation
- Prospect Theory in International Relations
- Psychoanalysis in Global Politics and International Relati...
- Psychology and Foreign Policy
- Public Opinion and Foreign Policy
- Public Opinion and the European Union
- Quantum Social Science
- Race and International Relations
- Realism
- Rebel Governance
- Reconciliation
- Reflexivity and International Relations
- Religion and International Relations
- Religiously Motivated Violence
- Reputation in International Relations
- Responsibility to Protect
- Rising Powers in World Politics
- Role Theory in International Relations
- Russian Foreign Policy
- Russian Revolutions and Civil War, 1917–1921
- Sanctions
- Sanctions in International Law
- Science Diplomacy
- Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945), The
- Secrecy and Diplomacy
- Securitization
- Self-Determination
- Shining Path
- Sinophone and Japanese International Relations Theory
- Small State Diplomacy
- Social Scientific Theories of Imperialism
- Sovereignty
- Soviet Union in World War II
- Space Strategy, Policy, and Power
- Spatial Dependencies and International Mediation
- State Theory in International Relations
- Statehood
- Status in International Relations
- Strategic Air Power
- Strategic and Net Assessments
- Sub-Saharan Africa, Conflict Formations in
- Sustainable Development
- Systems Theory
- Teaching International Relations
- Territorial Disputes
- Terrorism
- Terrorism and Poverty
- Terrorism, Geography of
- Terrorist Financing
- Terrorist Group Strategies
- The Changing Nature of Diplomacy
- The Politics and Diplomacy of Neutrality
- The Politics and Diplomacy of the First World War
- The Queer in/of International Relations
- the Twenty-First Century, Alliance Commitments in
- The Vienna Conventions on Diplomatic and Consular Relation...
- Theories of International Relations, Feminist
- Theory, Chinese International Relations
- Time Series Approaches to International Affairs
- Trade Law
- Transnational Actors
- Transnational Law
- Transnational Social Movements
- Tribunals, War Crimes and
- Trust and International Relations
- Turkey
- UN Security Council
- United Nations, The
- United States and Asia, The
- Uppsala Conflict Data Program
- US and Africa
- US–UK Special Relationship
- Venezuelan Politics and Foreign Policy
- Voluntary International Migration
- War
- War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714)
- Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Western Balkans
- Western Front (World War I)
- Westphalia, Peace of (1648)
- Women and Peacemaking Peacekeeping
- World Economy 1919-1939
- World Polity School
- World War II Diplomacy and Political Relations
- World-System Theory